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http://www.fpif.org/republicanrule/profiles.html¡ÊžºÜ³«»Ï¡Ë
Andrew W. Marshall
His actual title is rather obscure: director of the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, a think tank under the direction of the undersecretary of defense for policy. But Andrew W. Marshall is currently wielding a great deal of power. That's because George W. has designated Marshall-a favorite of Dick Cheney and Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld-to make a quick but politically important strategic review of likely threats to the U.S., the nature of future wars and how we can fight simultaneously, and the forces we need to do so. And to have it ready within a month or two.
That such a vast undertaking is even remotely possible is testament to Marshall's life's work. While portraying himself as an iconoclastic reformer, Marshall has been in the business since 1949, when he started out as a nuclear strategist for the Rand Corporation. For the past 28 years he's headed the little-known Office of Net Assessment. And during most of that time he has been in the business of criticizing military policy as short-sightedly focused on "fighting the last war." At 79, this is Marshall's last shot at making his futuristic visions into national policy.
President Bush delivered his signature campaign speech on defense policy at the South Carolina military academy, the Citadel, where he said, "Today, our military is still more organized for cold war threats than for the challenges of a new century." Those were Marshall's words and tune, and now Bush is promoting Marshall's vision onto the world's dominant military.
What, precisely, Marshall's strategic review will say is anybody's guess (according to Inside the Pentagon, the news blackout on the review "reaches to the most senior levels of the military"). Yet Marshall's paper trail over his long career suggests that his visions include the risk of bringing wars into being.
Marshall has been a main proponent of the "Revolution in Military Affairs" (RMA), a term he borrowed from a Soviet General Staff member and adapted to describe the need to concentrate on information warfare and precision-guided munitions. "Rather than closing with an opponent," he said in testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee in May, 2000, "the major mode will be destroying him at a distance." But Air Force Magazine rebuked Marshall in an editorial saying, "Tell this to the Bosnians." In other words, while Marshall proposes to build his high-tech systems of long-range power projection, real conflicts continue to fester on the ground unaffected and unabated by them.
His enthusiasm for high-tech warfare has led him to raise the possibility of canceling some existing programs-most often mentioned is the F-22 fighter plane, at $182 million a copy. The "next-generation" systems he would put in their place would, of course, be all but certain to cost even more. Beginning in 1995, his office began sponsoring an RMA Operational Concept Wargaming Program, which has explored space-based warfare and "multi-theater global war." He is also a strong proponent of an expansive version of National Missile Defense. Such plans have the effect of provoking others to react; China cites these plans in its recent announcement to increase its military spending by 17 percent, and to accelerate its missile program.
Marshall's record as a prognosticator of future threats has not been impressive. As late at 1988 he headed a commission which judged that the Soviet Union would be the main U.S. military competitor for the next 20 years.
When this position proved unsustainable, even for him, he quickly settled on China as the next threat. In the summer of 1999, his "Asia 2025" report envisioned China and India dividing Asia into spheres of influence at America's expense. "China," according to the report, "will be a persistent competitor of the United States. A stable and powerful China will be constantly challenging the status quo in East Asia. An unstable and relative[ly] weak China could be dangerous because its leaders might try to bolster their power with foreign military adventurism." As Robert Kaiser of the Washington Post noted, the report "rejects the view that Chinese-American relations might evolve gently or fruitfully."
The question is to what extent Marshall's visions of futuristic wars and weapons to fight them will be allowed to dominate U.S. military policy, as well as becoming the self-fulfilling prophecies for the conflicts they envision.
¡ÊžºÜ½ªÎ»¡ËFPIF
http://fpif.org/progresp/volume5/v5n10_body.html¡ÊžºÜ³«»Ï¡Ë
ANDREW W. MARSHALL
By the FPIF Editors
(Editor's note: As part of FPIF's commitment to monitor and critique the foreign policy initiatives of the new administration, we have established a special section of our website entitled Republican Rule which is dedicated to profiling the administration's nominees and appointees. While Andrew Marshall is a long-time Defense Department official and not a Bush administration appointee, President Bush has designated Marshall to lead a review of U.S. strategic and military priorities. See Republican Rule, Profiles: http://www.fpif.org/republicanrule/profiles.html.)
His actual title is rather obscure: director of the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, a think tank under the direction of the undersecretary of defense for policy. But Andrew W. Marshall is currently wielding a great deal of power. That's because George W. has designated Marshall--a favorite of Dick Cheney and Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld--to make a quick but politically important strategic review of likely threats to the U.S., the nature of future wars and how we can fight two simultaneously, and the forces we need to do so. And to have it ready within a month or two.
For the past 28 years Marshall's headed the little-known Office of Net Assessment. And during most of that time he has been in the business of criticizing military policy as short-sightedly focused on "fighting the last war." Marshall has been a main proponent of the "Revolution in Military Affairs" (RMA), a term he borrowed from a Soviet General Staff member and adapted to describe the need to concentrate on information warfare and precision-guided munitions. His enthusiasm for high-tech warfare has led him to raise the possibility of canceling some existing programs--most often mentioned is the F-22 fighter plane, at $182 million a copy. He is also a strong proponent of an expansive version of National Missile Defense.
Marshall's record as a prognosticator of future threats has not been impressive. As late at 1988 he headed a commission that judged that the Soviet Union would be the main U.S. military competitor for the next 20 years. When this position proved unsustainable, even for him, he quickly settled on China as the next threat. In the summer of 1999, his "Asia 2025" report envisioned China and India dividing Asia into spheres of influence at America's expense. "China," according to the report, "will be a persistent competitor of the United States. A stable and powerful China will be constantly challenging the status quo in East Asia. An unstable and relative[ly] weak China could be dangerous because its leaders might try to bolster their power with foreign military adventurism."
The question is to what extent Marshall's visions of futuristic wars and weapons to fight them will be allowed to dominate U.S. military policy, as well as becoming the self-fulfilling prophecies for the conflicts they envision.
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£°£±¡§"Lady Liberty" (Orleans);
£°£²¡§"Long Haired Country Boy" (Charlie Daniels Band);
£°£³¡§"Won't Get Fooled Again" (The Who);
£°£´¡§"Free" (Stryper);
£°£µ¡§"God & the F.B.I" (Janis Ian);
£°£¶¡§"(Come and) Sing A Simple Song of Freedom" (Bobby Darin);
£°£·¡§"Power Play" (Steppenwolf);
£°£¸¡§"People Have The Power" (Patti Smith);
£°£¹¡§"Smuggler's Blues" (Glen Frey);
£±£°¡§"Freedom" (Jimi Hendrix);
£±£±¡§"I Won't Back Down" (Tom Petty);
£±£²¡§"Promiseland" (Willie Nelson);
£±£³¡§"We're Not Gonna Take It" (Twisted Sister);
£±£´¡§"Stand Up" (The Steve Morse Band );
£±£µ¡§"Closer to Free" (BoDeans);
£±£¶¡§"Vital Signs" (Rush);
£±£·¡§"It's My Own Business" (Chuck Berry);
£±£¸¡§"Everyday People" (The Rembrandts);
£±£¹¡§"Grievance" (Pearl Jam );
£²£°¡§"What's He Building" (Tom Waits);
£²£±¡§"Don't Ever Take Away My Freedom" (Peter Yarrow);
£²£²¡§"I'll Try Something New" (Smokey Robinson & The Miracles);
£²£³¡§"Don't Dream It's Over" (Crowded House);
£²£´¡§"It's My Life" (The Animals);
£²£µ¡§"Cry Freedom" (Dave Matthews Band).
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